How to check the size of your Outlook mailbox
(Copied from http://theitbros.com/view-mailbox-size-in-outlook-2010/)

Step 1

In Microsoft Outlook 2010, click File.

Microsoft Outlook 2010 - Click File

Step 2

Under Mailbox Cleanup choose Cleanup Tools and then Mailbox Cleanup. (note: in Microsoft Outlook 2007, Mailbox Cleanup is under the Tools menu.)

Outlook 2010 - View Mailbox Size

Step 3

Click View Mailbox Size.

Outlook 2010 View Mailbox Size

Step 4

The list that presents itself should let you see what’s holding the most data.

Folder Size Outlook 2010

Alternative Way

You can also right click on a folder in your Inbox, go to properties and click on folder size.